1. Introduction to Chemistry
• Matter and its classification
• Elements, compounds, mixtures
• Separation techniques
• Laboratory safety
2. Atomic Structure
• Structure of the atom
• Protons, neutrons, electrons
• Atomic number and mass number
• Isotopes
3. Periodic Table
• Periodic law
• Groups and periods
• Trends (electronegativity, ionization energy)
• Metals, non-metals, metalloids
4. Chemical Bonding
• Ionic bonding
• Covalent bonding
• Metallic bonding
• Intermolecular forces
5. States of Matter
• Solid, liquid, gas
• Gas laws
• Changes of state
• Kinetic theory
6. Acids, Bases and Salts
• Properties of acids and bases
• pH scale
• Neutralization reactions
• Salt preparation
7. Chemical Reactions
• Types of reactions
• Balancing equations
• Redox reactions
• Energy changes
8. Stoichiometry
• Mole concept
• Molar mass
• Chemical calculations
• Gas volume calculations
9. Organic Chemistry
• Hydrocarbons
• Alkanes, alkenes, alkynes
• Functional groups
• Polymers
10. Environmental Chemistry
• Air and water pollution
• Acid rain
• Green chemistry
• Environmental protection
11. Chemical Kinetics & Equilibrium
• Rate of reaction
• Factors affecting rate
• Reversible reactions
• Le Chatelier’s principle
12. Electrochemistry
• Electrolysis
• Electrochemical cells
• Redox processes
• Applications
13. Practical Chemistry
• Laboratory techniques
• Titration
• Identification of gases
• Qualitative analysis